Brief Rules of Volleyball
1. Serve
The player who serves must release the ball within 8 seconds of the first referee blowing his whistle. After the ball has been thrown or the ball carrier has withdrawn, the ball must be hit with one hand or any part of the arm before it hits the ground. The ball may only be tossed or evacuated once, but hitting or manipulating the ball in the hand is permitted. The server shall not step on the court area (including the end line) and the ground outside the teeing area when hitting the ball or when the ball is taking off. After hitting the ball, it may step on or land on the court or outside the teeing ground.
2. Player’s position on the field
When the server hits the ball, the players of both teams (except the server) must take their positions within the court area in the order of rotation. The three players close to the net are the front line players, and their positions are No. 4 (left), No. 3 (middle), and No. 2 (right). The other three players are back-line players, and their positions are No. 5 (left), No. 6 (middle), and No. 1 (right). The position of the players shall be determined according to the position of their feet on the ground: each player in the front line has at least a part of one foot that is closer to the midline than the feet of the players in the rear line of the same line. Each right (left) player has at least a portion of one foot that is closer to the right (left) sideline than the feet of the middle player in the same row. After hitting the ball, players can be anywhere in the field and in the barrier-free area.
3. Hit the ball during the game: Any part of the player’s body is allowed to touch the ball
(1) Four batting fouls: Each team hits the ball back to the opponent’s court a maximum of three times (excluding blocks), and if it exceeds, it will be a four batting foul.
(2) Ball-handling foul: The player does not hit the ball clearly when hitting the ball, or has a long stagnation when touching the ball, such as catching, holding, throwing, and carrying the ball.
(3) Combination foul: A player who hits the ball twice in a row, or the ball touches different parts of his body in a row, is a combo foul.
4. Cross the center line
Players are allowed to cross under the net into the opponent’s space without interfering with the opponent’s game. One (two) feet or one (two) hands of a player may cross the midline and touch the opponent’s court while the rest of the player touches the midline or is above the midline. No other part of a player’s body is allowed to touch the opponent’s field. Players may enter the opponent’s field after the game is interrupted.
5. Touch the net
It is not a foul for a player to touch the net, except when hitting the ball or when interfering with the game.
6. Offensive hits
With the exception of serve and block, all shots made directly to the opponent are offensive shots. Front-line players may make offensive strokes to the ball at any height, but must be in their own space when touching the ball. Players in the back row may make offensive shots at any height behind the offensive line, but they must not touch or cross the offensive line when taking off, and can land in the front court after hitting the ball.
7. Blocking
Only those in the front line are allowed to complete the block, and those in the back line are not allowed to complete the block. In a block, the ball can touch the hand, head, or any part of the body above the waist of one or more blockers in a row, which is considered a block.
After blocking, the team can hit the ball 3 more times. After the blocker touches the ball, if the ball falls out of bounds, the tentacle is out of bounds and a mistake is judged.
